Aug 13

DL goes high tech but are we ready?
Government of India under the e-Governance initiative has issued a circular for issuance of driving licenses on a smart card. This will be implemented in phases and is applicable across the country in all states and union territories. The states of Gujarat, Goa, Jharkhand, MP, Maharashtra, Nagaland, Sikkim, West Bengal, Chandigarh and Kerala are leading the initiative. National Informatics Center (NIC) along with private players have set shop at RTOs and ARTOs for issue of smart card based driving licenses. This high tech end product has its own benefits and provides a fool proof system for holding, verifying and authenticating drivers identity and other details. Equipped with hand held terminals the traffic police officers will now be able to use the smart card driving licenses and perform their duties efficiently and effectively. However, what remains to be rectified is the fact that the driving schools in India continue to provide low grade training and promote corruption by assisting learners to obtain licenses without meeting minimum criteria. The result is compromising road safety. Poor driving combined with low patience produces road rage, which is a daily occurrence on our roads. Bad driving conditions do not help reduce these incidents. Whether driving within city limits or on a highway, all of us must have seen or been an unfortunate victim of road rage. In some instances the matter has spiraled out of hand and resulted in a fatality. And, all this because of bad driving? Sometimes one is forced to think where is India headed for? A major contributing factor for poor driving and Road rage in India is the lack of road or traffic signs coupled with ignorance about their need and usage. Traffic rules are violated by all and sundry. Some people even think that jumping traffic lights, over speeding or over taking from wrong side are in things and must be done regularly to prove your driving skills. The whole process of issuing of Driving Licenses in India needs a revamp. Our model should be based on UK or UAE where getting a passport is easier than obtaining a driving license. Parthiv is the contributing author to the website: Indiandrivingschools.com-Indian Driving Schools is the first dedicated Indian Traffic Portal-Made to improve road safety through education and information about <a href=http://www.indiandrivingschools.com>Road safety in India</a>, Road rage in India, <a href=http://www.indiandrivingschools.com>Traffic rules in India</a>, <a href=http://www.indiandrivingschools.com>Road accidents in india</a> and online traffic forms in India.
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Crude Oil: Black Gold or Black Menace?
With all the publicity nowadays surrounding the price of Crude Oil, I resolved to write an enlightening article on the backdrop of the so-called “Black Gold.” I’ll briefly go over history, environmental effects, pricing and the future of the thick black sludge that is coveted by every major economy in the world. Hopefully you can reach a better point of view on the subject.  The history of Crude Oil is too immense to discuss in this brief editorial so I will limit it to a general overview. The first oil wells were drilled in China in the 4th century. They where as much as 243 meters deep and were drilled utilizing drill bits attached to bamboo poles. The contemporary history of crude began in 1846, with the breakthrough of the process of refining kerosene from coal by Atlantic Canada’s Abraham Pineo Gesner. The first rock oil mine was built in Bobrka, Poland the following year. These breakthroughs rapidly spread around the world, and Meerzoeff built the first Russian refinery in the mature oil fields at Baku in 1861.  James Miller Williams in Oil Springs, Ontario, Canada in 1858, excavated the first commercial oil well drilled in North America. The American petroleum industry commenced with Edwin Drake’s discovery of oil in 1859, near Titusville, Pennsylvania. The industry matured slowly in the 1800s, driven by the demand for kerosene and oil lamps. It became a major national business in the early part of the 20th century. With the introduction of the internal combustion engine came a need that has largely sustained the industry to this day.  While we all need to get to work in some way or another, rarely does anyone consider the environmental effects of the fuel that powers our mode of transportation. Yes we know that the emissions from are cars, buses and trains have a green house effect on our delicate environment; but what about the rest of our ecology? Oil extraction is costly and occasionally environmentally detrimental, although Dr. John Hunt from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution revealed in a 1981 paper that over 70% of the reserves in the world are associated with visible macroseepages, and numerous oil fields are found due to natural leaks. Offshore exploration and extraction of oil agitates the encompassing marine environment. Exploration could call for dredging, which stirs up the sea bottom, stamping out the ocean plants that nautical creatures need to survive. Not to mention the typical Crude Oil and refined fuel spills from tanker ship accidents. All of these factors have tainted frail ecosystems all over the world. Petroleum products are priced like most commodities: supply and demand. While this may sound simple, the actual start to finish process can be a lot more complex subject. References to oil prices are generally related to the spot price of either WTI/Light Crude as traded on New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX). Priced by the barrel, Crude Oil is rapidly becoming the most costly commodity on the market (second only to Gold). Oil pricing is extremely reliant on both its grade and location. The vast majority of oil will not be traded on an exchange but on an over-the-counter basis, typically with reference to a standard crude oil grade that is quoted via a pricing agency such as Argus Media Ltd or Platts. It is often claimed that OPEC arranges the oil price and the real monetary value of a barrel of oil is in the area of $2, which is equivalent to the cost of extraction of a barrel in the Middle East. These appraisals of costs disregard the cost of finding and developing oil reserves.  You can’t talk about the future of oil without talking about the “Hubbert Peak” oil theory. This hypothesis depicts the long-term rate of production of conventional oil and other fuels. It assumes that oil reserves are not replenishable. It also predicts that future world oil production must unavoidably reach a crest and then decline as these reserves are exhausted. Like every other theory of any importance it is highly controversial. “When will the Oil actually start to run out?” is the big question. No matter how you look at it, our society needs to concentrate more efforts on either alternative fuels or more fuel-efficient modes of transportation. While I’m sure that the oil won’t peter out in my life time I would like to think we can leave this world a better place for future generations. In closing, I hope this article has given you a better understanding of the topic and made you a more informed consumer. So the next time your grumbling at the price of gas, at least you’ll understand what you re complaining about. If you would like to read more on the topic of Crude Oil, you can vistit http://www.crudeoilrefineryhome.com/ or read one of the books listed at the end of this article.  Books about the petroleum industry: James Howard Kunstler (2005). The Long Emergency: Surviving the Converging Catastrophes of the Twenty-first Century. Atlantic Monthly Press.  C.J. Campbell (2004). The Coming Oil Crisis.  Peter Odell (2004). Why Carbon Fuels Will Dominate the 21st Century’s Global Energy Economy. Multi Science.  Amory B. Lovins (2004). Winning the Oil Endgame. Rocky Mountain Institute.  Vaclav Smil (2003). Energy at the Crossroads : Global Perspectives and Uncertainties. The MIT Press.Stephen Nelson is a professional commodity trader that specializes in the energy market. http://www.crudeoilrefineryhome.com/
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